This news story by The Wildlife Society describes a recent study using an anesthetic protocol of non-scheduled drugs, including dexmedetomidine and nalbuphine followed by isoflurane gas anesthesia, for field surgery of River Otters.

“Tighter and tighter regulations by the Drug Enforcement Agency on the scheduled drugs used to sedate wildlife make it harder to find a professional who can administer them…”

A poster on the protocol was named Best Student Poster Presentation at TWS’ 2020 Virtual Conference.